Universidad de Jaén

UNIT 1. INTRODUCTION TO SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING OF MATERIALS

Materials and Engineering. Science and Engineering of materials. Types of materials. Selection criteria.

Relationship between structure properties and processing. Influence of external agents on the behavior of materials.

 

BLOCK II: Chemistry of materials.

UNIT 2. ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND BONDS.

Concept of radiant energy: quantification, frequency and intensity. Atomic models. Emission spectrum. Quantum numbers of electrons. Exclusion principle. Electronic configuration of the elements. Forces and energies of interaction between atoms. Bonds.

UNIT 3. DISSOLUTION.

Types of solutions. Ways of expressing concentration. Solubility of ionic crystals: influence of temperature. Solubility of gases in liquids: effect of pressure and temperature. Ideal solutions: non-volatile solutes. Mixtures of liquids: ideal and real.

UNIT 4. THERMOCHEMISTRY.

Enthalpy of reaction. Heat and work: mechanical equivalent of heat. State functions. First Law of thermodynamics. Internal energy and enthalpy. Heat capacity: variation of internal energy and enthalpy with temperature. Standard states. Enthalpy formation. Indirect determination of reaction enthalpies: Hess's law. Spontaneous processes. Reversibility and spontaneity. The entropy and the second principle of thermodynamics. Molecular interpretation of entropy. Absolute entropy and third principle. Free energy: definition and physical interpretation. Free energy and spontaneity.


UNIT 5. CHEMICAL BALANCE.

Reversible reactions. Balance constant. Homogeneous equilibria. Ways express the equilibrium constant. Heterogeneous equilibria. Factors that affect chemical equilibrium: concentration, pressure, volume and temperature. Solubility product. Solubility with a common ion. pH and solubility.

 

UNIT 6. ELECTROCHEMISTRY.

Adjustment of redox reactions. Galvanic and electrochemical beads. Law of Faraday. Standard electrode potentials and sense of redox reactions. Electrochemical series. Effect of concentration on the electromotive force of the cell. Concentration cells. Batteries. Types and operation. Electrochemical processes. Corrosion and Corrosion protection.

BLOCK III: Structure of materials.

UNIT 7. CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE.

 

Solid state: Crystalline and amorphous solids. Crystalline systems and elemental cell. Crystallographic notations: Miller indices. Isomorphism. Polymorphism and allotropy. Crystalline networks of metals.

Interatomic distances and densities. Introduction to the determination of crystal structures.
Crystalline Imperfections: Point defects. Dislocations, their movement. Surface defects. Edges of grain.

 

UNIT 8. ALLOYS.

Introduction. Composition and constitution of alloys. -Solid solutions: Solvent and solute.
Solid solutions by substitution. Solid insertion solutions. Theoretical density of solutions.
Solid. Solid solutions ordered. Superlattices. Intermetallic compounds. Intermediate phases.

Defective structures. Insolubility.


UNIT 9. DIFUSSION.


Diffusion. Mechanism of the diffusion process: Dissemination by vacancies and lntersticial diffusion. Diffusion in steady state (First Law of Fick). Diffusion in non-stationary regime (Second Law of Fick). Effect of temperature on diffusion. Applications of the diffusion process.


UNIT 10. BALANCE DIAGRAMS


Introduction. Material system. Components and phases. Balance of a system. Balance factors. Balance classes. Variance or degrees of freedom.- Rule of Phases (Gibbs Law). Principle of Le Chatelier.

Cooling curves. Subfusion or overfusion. General law of mass distribution. Solidification binary diagrams: Their types. Eutectic, peritectic and monotonic reactions. Transformations in solid state: Changes in alotropic state. Eutectoid and perithectoid reactions. Diagrams of equilibrium with compounds and intermediate phases. General rules on binary equilibrium diagrams. Introduction to ternary equilibrium diagrams.

BLOCK IV: Properties of materials.

 

UNIT 11. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES.

 

Introduction. Efforts and tensions. Deformation of a single crystal. Influence of dislocations on plastic deformation. Deformation of a polycrystalline metal. Fiber making. Work-harden. Restoration. Recrystallization. Growth of the grain. Cold and hot work.

 

UNIT 12. INTRODUCTION TO TESTS. TRACTION AND FLUENCE TESTS.
Introduction to the tests: Classification.- Traction test. Diagram of stresses and deformations. Calculation of break elongation. Specimens. Tenacity module. Coefficient of fullness. Hot traction tests. Viscous creep tests.


UNIT 13. TEST OF HARDNESS.

Introduction.- Brinell hardness.- Vickers hardness. Microhardness.- Rockwell hardness.- Other hardness testing methods.


UNIT 14. TESTS WITH MULTIPLE STRESS.

Introduction. Ductile and fragile breaks. Effling enlargement: notes. Triaxiality. Temperature. Resilience. Methods of testing. Resilience considerations.


UNIT 15. FATIGUE. FATIGUE TESTS.

Introduction. Study of variable stresses. Fatigue rupture process. Curve and limit of fatigue. Diagram of fatigue. Influence of static charge. Simplified diagram for steels. Factors that influence fatigue. Fatigue tests. Fatigue at the level of parts.


UNIT 16. MACROGRAPHY AND MICROGRAPHY.

Introduction. Sampling. Preparation of sample. Macrography.- Micrography.

UNIT 17. NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTS.

Introduction. Quality of a material. Tests with penetrating liquids. X-ray testing. Gamma ray testing. Ultrasonic testing. Magnetic testing.

BLOCK V: Metallic Materials

UNIT 18. FERROUS ALLOYS.


Introduction. The iron. Steel and foundries. Balance diagram of iron-carbon alloys. The austenite in the Fe-C diagram. Isothermal transformations of austenite. Types of TTT curves. Influential factors. Transformations of the austenite by continuous cooling.

UNIT 19. THERMAL TREATMENTS OF STEELS.


Introduction. Warm-ups and cooling. Severity of temper. Annealing. Types of annealing. Normalized. Temper. Temperament and resilience. Measurement of hardenability: Critical diameters. U CURVES. Jominy test. Factors that influence the hardenability. Temper defects. Types of temper. Temper Thermochemical treatments.


UNIT 20. ALLOY STEELS.

Carbon steels and alloy steels. Objectives of alloying elements. Influence of alloying elements on: The Fe-C equilibrium diagram. The grain size. The hardenability. The martensitic transformation The temperings. - Criteria of classification of steels. Resistance steels. High tensile steels. Steels of easy machining. Cementing steels. Nitriding steels. Steels with magnetic properties. Tool steels. Stainless steels.


UNIT 21. NON-FERREUS ALLOYS: LIGHT ALLOYS.

Introduction. Aluminum: Applications. Elements of alloy. Constituents. Classes of alloys. Magnesium: Applications. Elements of alloy. Constituents. Classes of alloys. Titanium: Applications. Alloys. Thermal treatments of light alloys.


UNIT 22. NON-FERREAS ALLOYS: HEAVY METALS.

Copper and its alloys: Brass and bronze. Types. Properties and treatments. Anti-friction alloys. Refractory alloys. Other alloys of heavy metals.

BLOCK VI: Ceramic Materials

UNIT 23. CERAMIC MATERIALS.


Introduction. Crystal structure of simple ceramics. Structures of silicates. Processing of ceramics. Traditional and engineering ceramics. Properties of ceramics. Glasses.

UNIT 24. AGGREAGATES

Source of aggregates. Classification. Applications. Properties of aggregates.


UNIT 25 CEMENT.

Introduction. Chemical composition of cement. Properties. Types of cement. Cement Additives.

BLOCK VII: Polymeric Materials.


UNIT 26. POLYMERIC MATERIALS.


Introduction. Polymerization reactions. Industrial methods of polymerization. Processing of plastic materials. Thermoplastics. Thermosetting plastics. Elastomers. Rubber. Deformation and hardening of plastic materials. Thermofluence and fracture of polymeric materials.


UNIT 27. ASPHALTIC AGGLOMERANTS AND ASPHALTIC MIXTURES.


Types and uses. Chemical properties of asphalt. Characterization. Classifications of asphalts. Design of mixtures. Additives.


BLOCK VIII: Composite Materials

UNIT 28. COMPOSITE MATERIALS.


Introduction. Plastics reinforced with fibers. Processed in open molds and in closed molds. Sandwich structures. Metal matrix compounds. Ceramic matrix compounds.

UNIT 29. CONCRETE.

Introduction. Properties. Essays. Self-compacting concrete. Lightweight concrete. Heavy concrete. Polymeric concretes. Concrete with fiber.

Exhibition classes in a large group: exposition of the theoretical contents of the subject with presentations in Power point projected in class.

All the material is available on the virtual platform of the subject.


Classes in groups of practices: in small groups, practices of determination of the
Properties of the materials corresponding to Block IV of the agenda.
Individual tutorials: resolution of doubts and exchange of opinions on the development of the subject.

Students with special educational needs should contact the Student Attention Service (Servicio de Atención y Ayudas al Estudiante) in order to receive the appropriate academic support

Students with special educational needs should contact the Student Attention Service (Servicio de Atención y Ayudas al Estudiante) in order to receive the appropriate academic support

The final evaluation activity consists of a written exam at the end of the course, in
Which will evaluate the theoretical and practical knowledge of the different families of materials, as well as the knowledge acquired to relate their structure and properties.

The examination will consist of two parts: a theoretical part where the student will have to answer test questions or short questions related to the agenda developed in the subject; a practical part where the student will solve problems.

To evaluate laboratory practices, a practical exam will be conducted in which the student is confronted with the performance of one of the practices of the program presented in the laboratory.

The presentation of proposed problems, presentation and presentation of group work,
Self-assessment, contributions to the forum, or chats, all through the ILIAS virtual platform, as well as tutoring assistance. In addition, active participation in class, group work and discussions.

All this to evaluate the capacity CG1, CC2 and CC3, as well as the learning result 2.

When calculating the final grade of the subject taking into account all the above aspects,
will have to have passed each of the parts separately, mainly the theoretical examination and the examination of practices.

Students who for work reasons, properly justified, cannot attend classes
get in touch with the teachers of the subject at the beginning of the semester.