Universidad de Jaén

Vegetable biodiversity in the olive grove. Varietal characterization Propagation techniques.

BLOCK I.- BIODIVERSITY AND VEGETABLE MATERIAL IN OLIVE TREEOLIVE

Item 1.BIOLOGY ( Olea europaea). Generalities Taxonomic position and origin. Vegetative structures Reproductive structures. Lifecycle.

ITEM 2. VEGETABLE BIODIVERSITY IN EL OLIVAR. BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF SPECIES OF INTEREST IN CULTURE. Basic concepts on the ecology of weed taxa. Adventitious, road, nitrophilous, weed, ruderal, segetal plants. Vital forms Ideal characteristics of the species to be part of the plant covers. Damage caused by weed species. Dispersion and seed bank. Concepts on germination and population dynamics in olive tree taxa.

ITEM 3. STUDY AND RECOGNITION OF THE MAIN BOTANICAL TAXONS WITH INTEREST IN THE OLIVE TREE. Clado Monocotiledóneas. General characteristics and recognition of the main genera and species.class Magnoliopsida. General characteristics and recognition of the main genera and species. Clado of the Rósidas. General characteristics and recognition of the main genera and species. Clado of the Simpétalas. General characteristics and recognition of the main genera and species.

ITEM 4. VEGETABLE MATERIAL IN THE OLIVE TREE I. General information about vegetation cover systems. Types of covers and their management. Spontaneous covers, cover sown and inert covers.

ITEM 5. VEGETABLE MATERIAL IN EL OLIVAR II. Influence of plant cover on fertility and water availability in the soil. The vegetal cover as protective of the soil in front of the erosion. The role of herbaceous covers in the control of contaminants in soil. Strategies for efficient management of herbaceous covers. Use of herbicides and selection of species.

BLOCK II. VARIETAL CHARACTERIZATION

Unit 6.- CHARACTERIZATION OF OLIVE VEGETABLE MATERIALS. HISTORICAL EVOLUTION. Introduction. Origin of the crop and varieties. Selection and dissemination of varieties. The names of the varieties. Cataloging of varieties. Agronomic and oleotechnical evaluation of varieties. Genetic improvement Biotechnology.

Unit 7.- IDENTIFICATION OF VARIETIES. MORPHOLOGICAL CRITERIA. Characters of the tree. Characters of the leaf. Characters of the inflorescence. Characters of the fruit. Characteristics of the endocarp.

Unit 8.- IDENTIFICATION OF VARIETIES. AGRONOMIC CRITERIA. Vigor. Production. Fitness to rooting. Flowering and ripening periods. Production and viability of pollen. Incompatibility pollen - pistil. Fructification. Tolerance or sensitivity to biotic and abiotic factors.

Unit 9.- IDENTIFICATION OF VARIETIES. INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL CRITERIA. Fat content and its forms of expression. Extractability, texture and bone detachment.

Unit 10.- IDENTIFICATION OF VARIETIES. COMPOSITION AND SENSORIAL CHARACTERS OF THE OIL.

Unit 11.- CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CULTIVARS BY THE COMPOSITION AND THE SENSORIAL CHARACTERS OF THE OIL.

Unit 12.- DESCRIPTION OF OLIVE VARIETIES. Generalities Categories of Varied ades grown in Spain. Spanish varieties. Use of patterns. Varieties of other countries.

BLOCK III: PROPAGATION TECHNIQUES

Unit 13.- FOUNDATIONS OF THE PROPAGATION. Vital cycles of the plant. Cellular bases of propagation.

Unit 14.- PROPAGATION SYSTEMS. Sexual propagation Vegetative propagation and types.

Unit 15.- STRUCTURE AND SUBSTRATES OF PROPAGATION. Containers Previous treatments

Unit 16.- DESCRIPTION AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE TRADITIONAL METHODS OF PROPAGATION. Clogs, stakes, grafts of plants and seeds.

Unit 17.- PROPAGATION FOR SEMILEÑOSAS SQUARES. NEBULIZATION. Anatomical and physiological bases. Phases.

Unit 18.- STRUCTURE AND MECHANISMS OF CONTROL OF PROPAGATION BY SEMILEANOSES. Environment, background heat, fogging. Hardening.

Unit 19.- OBTAINING PATTERNS TO GRAFT. Seed and clonal patterns, advantages and disadvantages. Workshop grafts.

Unit 20.- GERMINATION OF OLIVE SEEDS. Types of latencies and ways to eliminate them.

Practical Academic Sessions

Various practical laboratory sessions will be developed, together with practical field work that promotes the consolidation of theoretical knowledge.

Seminars: Given the great heterogeneity that is expected in the students and the markedly scientific nature of the subject, some of these sessions will be devoted largely to establish the essential botanical and agronomic foundations for the proper development of the subject, which may entail special difficulty for students. These sessions will also be devoted to deepening in some aspects of the subject, such as expanding knowledge in the autoecology of the species.

Theoretical classes where, in addition to transmitting knowledge related to the different topics of this teaching guide, students' participation will be sought at all times, inducing debates and putting into question basic premises of knowledge, in order to continuously capture student attention and generate a scientific debate.
Practical Academic Sessions: Several practical laboratory sessions will be developed, together with practical field works that favor the consolidation of theoretical knowledge. This will greatly increase your performance and utilization.
During the development of the practices, it will try to solve the particular difficulties of the students, as well as to insist on the concepts and ideas related to the practice in question, which provokes reflection in the student.
Seminars: Given the great heterogeneity that is expected in the students and the markedly scientific nature of the subject, some of these sessions will be devoted largely to establish the essential botanical and agronomic foundations for the proper development of the subject, which may entail special difficulty for students These sessions will also be devoted to deepening in some aspects of the subject, as it is to influence the autoecology of the species. In these sessions will be a special way to get the active and positive participation of students by establishing a debate.
Specialized Tutorials: In these sessions all the doubts that the students raise will be solved.

Students with special educational needs should contact the Student Attention Service (Servicio de Atención y Ayudas al Estudiante) in order to receive the appropriate academic support

The date of the theoretical and practical exam will be set by the Coordinator of the Master and published on the corresponding web page.
The theoretical and practical exam may be oral. The practical exam of Blocks I and II can be of visu on preparations already seen during the laboratory sessions and on field trips. The note of the work and attendance / participation will be added to the final grade as long as the sum of the marks of the theoretical and practical exam exceeds an approved.
For the participation note will take into account the notes of the teacher in the different sessions of theory and practice.
The qualification system will be governed by the provisions of Roral Decree 1125/2003 of September 5, which establishes the European credit system and the qualification system for university degrees of an official nature.