Universidad de Jaén

COURSE CONTENTS

BLOCK 1. Crystalline systems.

UNIT 1. THE MATERIALS SCIENCE.

The choice of material. Materials Science: concept, relationship with the Engineering and Industry. Materials for Engineering: classification of materials based on atomic bonds. Structure and properties of materials. Selection of materials in engineering.

UNIT 2. CRYSTAL STRUCTURES. METALLIC CRYSTALS.

Matter states. Crystalline and amorphous substances. Space Network and Unit Cell. Crystal systems, Bravais lattices. Isomorphism, polymorphism and allotropy. Study of metal nets. Coordination number, atomic radius, atomic packing factor. Vacancies and self. Interstices. Interstitial sites. Impurities in solids. Dislocations-linear defects. Bulk or volume defects. Intersticial sites. Miller and Miller-Bravais indixes. Interplanar distance. Volume, linear and surface densities.

UNIT 3. CRYSTALLINE IMPERFECTIONS. Real solid. Influence of defects. Defects common in the crystal structure. Point defects: vacancies, interstitials, impurities, Frenkel and Schottky deffects. Dislocations, Linear defects. Surface defects: crustal twinning, packing defects and grain boundaries.

BLOCK 2. Alloys.

UNIT 4. ALLOYS. Pure metals and alloys. Constitution alloys: components and
constituents. Solid solutions and mechanical mixtures. Types of Solid Solutions. Hume-Rothery rules. Properties of solid solutions. Solid solutions determinations. Intermediate stages: types and characteristics. Ordered Solid solutions: superlattices.

UNIT 5. HARDENING MECHANISMS AND RECRYSTALLIZATION PHENOMENA. Introduction. Hardening grain refinement. Alloying hardening. Precipitation hardening. Dispersion hardening. Temper hardening. Strain hardening. Creep. Variation of mechanical properties. Heating effects: recovery, recrystallization and grain growth. Recrystallization temperature.

BLOCK 3. Solidification and diffusion.

TOPIC 6. SOLIDIFICATION PROCESSES. Introduction. Solidification: homogeneous nucleation and heterogeneous nucleation. Determining the process variables: speed of nucleation and growth. Microstructure. Solidifying ingot: structures. Control of the structure: size, shape and orientation grain. Microstructural defects in solidification: segregations. macro-structural defects;  blowholes, pores, cavities, cracks and splashes. Rapid solidification: metallic glasses.

UNIT 7. DIFFUSSION. Introduction. Diffusion mechanisms. Volumetric diffusion: Fick laws. Factors affecting the diffusion. Other types of diffusion. Diffusion applications.

BLOCK 4. Phase diagrams.

UNIT 8. PHASE DIAGRAM. EQUILIBRIUM DIAGRAMS I. Materials system: components and phases. Equilibrium systems: balancing factors and degrees of freedom. Phase rule (Gibbs phase rule). Cooling curves. Two-component systems: experimental determination of diagrams. Distribution Mass: law of the lever. Interpretation rules.

UNIT 9. EQUILIBRIUM DIAGRAMS II. Types of binary diagrams. Total solid solubility diagrams. Total insolubility diagrams. Partial solubility diagrams: eutectic and peritectic reactions. Solid state changes: allotropy, order-disorder transformations, and peritectoid-eutectoid reactions. Diagrams complex: intermediate phases. Ternary diagrams. Non-equilibrium phase transformations.

BLOCK 5. Metals and treatments.

UNIT 10. FERROUS ALLOYS: STEELS AND CAST IRONS. Introduction. Iron: states allotropic. The iron-cementite and iron-carbon diagrams. Classification of Fe-C alloys. Phases and constituents of equilibrium: definition of structures. Invariant  transformations. Critical points. Irons: types and characteristics. Steels: classifications and mechanical properties. Steels alloyed: Influence of the alloying elements. Influence on the diagram Fe-Fe3C. Alphagenes, gammagenics and carbide formers elements. Effect on TTT curves. Steels Low and High alloy. Cast iron. Graphite forming elements and carbide formers. White and malleable cast iron. Spheroidal or ductile and gray castings. Mechanical properties of castings.

UNIT 11. ISOTHERMAL TRANSFORMATION DIAGRAM AUSTENITE. Introduction. Isothermal transformation of austenite. Perlite and bainite. Martensitic transformation: properties. Relationship between cooling curves and I. T. diagrams Curves and transformation in continuous cooling.

UNIT 12. THERMAL TREATMENTS. Introduction. Classification and targets obtained with steel thermal treatments. Annealing. Normalizing heat treatment. Tempered steel. Factors affecting tempering. Rapid quench. Hardenability. Jominy test. Tempering. Tempering transformations. Tempering diagrams. Surface treatments:; Thermal and thermochemical treatments.  

UNIT 13. METALS AND ALLOYS NO TRACKS. Introduction. Unalloyed aluminum. Properties and applications. Aluminum alloys. Classification. Forge alloys: thermal treatments. Alloys for molding: Al-Si alloys modification. Properties and applications of aluminum alloys. Another light alloys. Unalloyed copper. Properties and applications.  Copper alloys: brasses and bronzes. Applications and treatments.

BLOCK 6. Corrosion and control

UNIT 14. CORROSION AND PROTECTION. Introduction. Electrochemical fundamentals. Corrosion speed. Forms of corrosion. Corrosion protection. Coatings. Polymer degradation.

BLOCK 7. Polymer material

UNIT 15. STRUCTURE, BEHAVIOR AND PROCESSING OF POLYMERS. Introduction. Polymerization mechanisms. Polymer structure. General classification of polymers. Thermoplastics. Thermoset polymers. Elastomers. Mechanical behavior of polymers.

1. 
   Block ceramic materials. Ceramic processing and glasses

UNIT 16. CERAMIC AND GLASSES. Introduction. Structure of ceramic materials. Ionic crystals. Silicate structures. Properties of ceramic materials. Noncrystalline ceramic materials: glasses. Glass transition temperature. Ceramic and glass processing.

BLOCK 9. Composites

UNIT 17. COMPOSITES. MATRIX AND REINFORCEMENTS Introduction. Composite material concept. Matrix and reinforcement. Types of Matrices. Fiber  reinforcement. Useful materials. Particle reinforcement. Considerations about matrices. Mechanical behavior. Applications.

BLOCK 10. Materials tests.

UNIT 18. STRESS TEST. (Laboratory) Mechanical behavior of materials:
intrinsic and extrinsic conditions. Normal and shear stresses. Elastic behavior: module
of elasticity and yield strength. Plastic deformation: slipping and twinning. Schmid´s law. Stress test. Definitions.  Diagrams. Ductile and brittle fracture. Test run. Results.

UNIT 19. HARDNESS TESTS. (Laboratory) Hardness: types. Classification methods
hardness measurement. Hardness tests by static indentation: Brinell, Vickers and Rockwell. Advantages and drawbacks. Other tests.

UNIT 20. IMPACT TESTS AND TECHNOLOGY. (Laboratory) Ductility, malleability, brittleness and tenacity. Ductile and brittle fracture. Influencing factors. Toughness tests. Types and dimensions of probes. Charpy test. Izod test. Bending test: fundamentals, bending diagram. Technology tests: folding, stamping, forging, cutting, punching.

UNIT 21. METALLOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES. MACROSCOPY AND MICROSCOPY. (Laboratory) The Metallographic laboratory. Macroscopy: preparation and chemical attack. Macroscopic techniques. Microscopy: phases of sample preparation. Metallographic microscope. Observation of structural constituents. Grain size measurements.

UNIT 22. NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING. (Laboratory) Visual inspection. Radiographic inspection. Equipment and operating techniques. Protection and security measures. Ultrasonic inspection. Physical fundamentals. Nature and properties of the ultrasonic waves. Equipment and operating techniques. Magnetic methods. Physical fundaments. Techniques and equipment. Crack surface detection. Penetrant liquids.

BLOCK 11. Basics of environmental technologies.

UNIT 23. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY. Materials and environmental. Environmental design factors. Urban and industrial waste. Recovery, reuse and recycling.

Principio del formulario

Final del formulario

The lectures in large group will consist of lectures, theory and general examples, as well as introductory activities of the program content for the whole group in order to provide the student with a systematic overview of the different themes, highlighting the aspects more important of them, so that students clearly offered the possibility of motivation by experts in the field, through dialogue and exchange of ideas. Previous exposure of the objectives of each unit and its specific to the field of industrial engineering applications, provide a basis for focusing their interest and motivate learning. The subsequent development of each unit will be preceded by a general description of contents, illustrated through Microsoft Office PowerPoint presentations, of which students previously will have of in the ILIAS platform as well as the help of slate content that require it. On some issues, audiovisual sessions are used for a better understanding of the content. In these sessions the active participation of students will arise.

The practices academic sessions in the classroom are essential to strengthen and deepen the theoretical knowledge. They consist of the resolution of both Professor and student of problems concerning the topics covered in the lectures in large group. Besides discussions of those issues of greatest interest and relevance will be developed. On the other hand, experimental laboratory practices will be conducted in small groups (max. 20 students), which will be announced methodologies and relevant experimental techniques for the study of materials. Students will have a script beforehand with the documentation necessary for the implementation of practices. Practices consist of a brief theoretical explanation and then, explaining the operation of the instrument to be used. Later the student will to make this practice and preparing a report that will be evaluated.

Collective and individual tutoring: Where will be the supervision of targeted work, comments on individual jobs and clarification of doubts.

Several sessions will be held in the computer room in order to use the software CES EduPack for the use and selection of materials and fabrication processes.

To corroborate and / or supplement the results obtained in laboratory practices may be necessary to make analysis and / or testing in the Scientific and Technical Center of the University.

Students with special educational needs should contact the Student Attention Service (Servicio de Atención y Ayudas al Estudiante) in order to receive the appropriate academic support

Written exam on the dates officially listed in the student guide. This objective test will be to respond to short answers and/or test type in which the most important aspects of the subject are discussed, in addition to problem solving (CT2, CB2, CB3, CC3, CC10) questions (38; 39; 40; 41; 42; 43; 44).

To assess the laboratory practices, an practical exam will be made in which the student is facing the realization of one of the program's practices presented in the laboratory. (38; 39; 40) The reports about practices and proposed problems (; CT4;; CB4 CC3 CT2) will be assessed.

Delivery of proposed problems (CT2, CT4, CB2, CB3, CB4, CC3; CC10) (38; 39; 40; 41; 42; 43; 44).

Attendance and active participation in class (CB2, CB3, CB4, CC3, CC10).