Universidad de Jaén

THEORETICAL PROGRAMME

1. FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS AND LAWS IN CHEMISTRY

Concept of Science. Aim, importance and classification of Chemistry. Fundamental Laws of chemical transformations. Symbols and formulas. Formulation and nomenclature of inorganic compounds.Concept of mol, Avogadro's number and molar volume. Determination of empirical and molecular formulas. Stoichiometry calculations.

 2. THERMOQUÍMICA. FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD PRINCIPLES.

Introduction and first principle. Internal Energy. Enthalpy. Thermochemistry. Hess' law. Spontaneity, reversibility and equilibrium. Entropy. Second and third principles of thermodynamics. Equilibrium conditions and spontaneity at constant temperature: Gibbs' functions.

3. ATOMIC STRUCTURE: ATOMIC NUCLEUS.

Elementary Particles: the electron, the proton and the neutron. Rutherford's atomic model. Atomic number and mass number, isotopes and Iisobars. Nuclear stability. Natural radioactivity. Kinetics of the radioactive disintegration.

4. ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE. PERIODIC PROPERTIES. PERIODIC CLASSIFICATION OF THE ELEMENTS.

Planck's Quantum Theory. Photoelectric effect. Atomic spectra. Bohr's model of atomic structure. Origins of the mechano-quantum theory . De Broglie's hypothesis. Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle. Schrödinger's equation for the hydrogen atom. Quantum Numbers. Levels of energy and electronic configuration of the atoms polielectronicos. Electronic foundations of the periodic classification. Description of the current periodic table  Periodic Properties.

5. THE CHEMICAL BOND: ION, COVALENT AND METALLIC.

Intermolecular forces. Ionic Bond. Crystalline Networks. Reticular Energy. Nature of the covalent bond. Structure of Lewis and the octet rule. Theory of the liaison of Valencia. Hybridization of atomic orbitals. Molecular Orbital Theory. Order and stability of link. Polarity of the covalent bond. Resonance. Theory of bands in metal. Intermolecular forces.

6. STATES OF MATTER. CHANGE OF STATE.

Solid State. Gaseous state. The laws of the ideal gases. Real Gases. Kinetic-molecular theory of gases. Liquid state. Properties of liquids. Changes of state. Phase rule. Phase diagrams. Other materials.

7. IDEAL AND NON-IDEAL SOLUTIONS. COLLOIDAL DISPERSIONS.

Ideal and non-ideal solutions ideals. Raoult's law of . Henry's law. Colligative Properties. Colloidal dispersions.

8. CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM.

Chemical equilibrium between ideal gases. Equilibrium constant. Equilibrium in heterogeneous systems. Influence of temperature on the equilibrium constant. Factors affecting the equilibrium.

9. CHEMICAL KINETICS.

Rate of chemical reactions. Elementary reactions. Reaction Mechanism. General Equation of the reaction rate. Order of reaction. Theories on the speed of the reactions. Catalysis.

10. ELECTROCHEMISTRY

reactions of oxidation-reduction. Electrochemical cells. Electrode potential. Standard potential of the electrodes. Potential of cell and free energy. Potential of cell and concentration. Nernst's equation. Cells of concentration. Commercial photovoltaic cells. Corrosion. Electrolysis. Commercial electrolytic processes.

PROGRAMME OF PRACTICES:

1. SYNTHESIS. OBTAINING COPPER(II) TETRAMIN SULPHATE

2. SOLUBILITY AND PRECIPITATION

3. ACID - BASE TITRATION. DETERMINATION OF THE ACID CONTENT OF VINEGAR.

4. DISTILLATION OF AN ETHANOL-WATER MIXTURE

5. KINETICS. ACID HYDROLYSIS OF METHYL ACETATE

SEMINAR I: OUTLINE OF THE PROGRAM OF PRACTICES; SAFETY STANDARDS; MATERIALS AND DEVICES.

SEMINAR II: WAYS OF EXPRESSING THE CONCENTRATION. CALCULATIONS IN A LABORATORY OF CHEMISTRY.

Classroom presentations in large group: consist of master classes where it is taught the theoretical foundations of the course, using for its development blackboard, canon, computer etc.

Classes in practice groups: classes of numerical exercises and lab-practice in small group. The student will have the corresponding guides and at the end of the session the student will present a report of the accomplished task.

Collective tutorship sessions : They are intended to reinforce the theory classes, including academically directed tasks .

Students with special educational needs should contact the Student Attention Service (Servicio de Atención y Ayudas al Estudiante) in order to receive the appropriate academic support

Important: The attendance at all sessions of laboratory practice is mandatory and an essential requirement to pass the course.